Mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP)
A short peptide produced from mitochondrial DNA—MOTS-c is the most discussed example.
Mitochondria have their own genome. Small open reading frames in mtDNA can encode peptides that signal back to the nucleus and other tissues—sometimes called mitokines. MOTS-c is the flagship MDP in metabolic and aging research. Distinct from nuclear-encoded peptides like BPC-157 or GLP-1 drugs.